Hysteroscopy FAQs

Yes, for robotic surgery myself and my fellows are present throughout and conduct every step of the surgery. The use of the word robotics means that we perform the procedure however has the assistance of robotic technology. We are present for the entire procedure and never leave the room. The surgeons perform every step of the operation.

Many gynecologists will use the hysteroscope to inspect the lining of the uterus and look for intrauterine pathology such as fibroids or polyps that may be causing irregular or heavy menstrual bleeding. Assessment of the cavity is also performed for women having difficulty becoming pregnant.

Other conditions suitable for hysteroscopy include:

• Removal of endometrial or cervical polyps
• Removal of fibroids
• Biopsy of the endometrial lining
• Cannulation (opening) of the fallopian tubes
• Removal of intrauterine adhesions (scarring)
• Removal of a lost IUCD (intrauterine contraceptive device)
• Hysteroscopic sterilization
• Endometrial ablation – destruction of the uterine lining, a treatment for irregular or heavy menstrual bleeding

Systemic health problems, especially cardio-pulmonary problems that may be aggravated by general anesthesia may be a contraindication to hysteroscopy. An anesthesia consult is recommended if there is any uncertainty of the women’s surgical status. Often this procedure can be performed without a general anesthesia but rather a regional anesthetic (epidural/spinal) or a local anesthetic. The anesthesiologist will help you choose the safest method of anesthesia.

Hysteroscopic sterilization is a less invasive procedure than laparoscopic tubal occlusion. This procedure can be performed in the operating room under general anesthesia or in the office under local anesthesia.A small hysteroscope is introduced through the cervix into the uterine cavity and the uterine cavity is inspected.

After the tubal ostia have been identified, a tiny titanium device is placed and deployed into each tubal opening. The device causes a tissue reaction that permanently occludes the fallopian tubes. This procedure is considered permanent and non reversible. Play video on Systeroscopic Sterilization

Endometrial ablation is an outpatient surgery that can reduce or stop heavy uterine bleeding. During ablation the endometrium (lining of uterus) is destroyed. The lining is destroyed with a mild electrical current or heat. This process prevents the lining from growing back. Endometrial ablation can be a viable alternative to hysterectomy in patients with heavy and irregular uterine bleeding. Play video on Endometrial Ablation.

Women who have completed their childbearing and have irregular or heavy bleeding not caused by fibroids may be treated with an endometrial ablation. The gynecologist must first rule out any intrauterine pathology that may be contributing to this bleeding. Often an endometrial biopsy will be performed in the office to make sure there is no cancer present. A saline enhanced ultrasound (SIS) or contrast ultrasound may also be performed to assess the cavity and size of the uterus. A SIS is similar to a vaginal ultrasound but fluid is also injected into the uterus to allow visualization of the inside as well as the outside of the uterus. This type of ultrasound is similar to hysteroscopy but not as precise.

An ablation is not recommended if:

• The uterine cavity is very large (greater then 12 centimeters)
• Endometrial cancer or hyperplasia (precancer) is present
• A submucosal polyp or fibroid is identified
• Severe dysmenorrhea (menstrual cramps)

After an ablation your bleeding should decrease. For some women it may stop altogether. Even if the bleeding does not stop completely, the flow is likely to be much lighter. Rarely there is no improvement in bleeding following an ablation. Regular pap tests and pelvic exams are still required yearly, even if you are no longer menstruating.

Yes. Often a laparoscopy is performed at the same time as hysteroscopy especially in women who are undergoing an infertility investigation. Women may also elect to have another elective surgery performed in combination with their gynecologic procedure. Surgeries that have been performed concurrently include bladder suspension surgery (TVT) and liposuction.

Yes. If the fibroid or the polyp is located within the uterine cavity it can be often removed with the assistance of the hysteroscope. If the fibroid is very large it may require two surgeries to completely remove it safely.

Recovery tends to be very quick as there are no incisions. Most patients will require some pain medication in the immediate post operative period but often an anti-inflammatory will suffice. A prescription for a narcotic will also be provided prior to discharge. Sexual intercourse should be postponed as well as active sports for two weeks. It is preferable not to put anything into the vagina for at least 2 weeks including tampons. Most women can return to work within two weeks.

• Abdominal pain or uterine cramping
• Vaginal bleeding
• Nausea or lightheadedness
• Scratchy throat if a breathing tube was used during the general anesthesia.

You should not hesitate to call the doctor if you develop any of the following symptoms:
• Heavy vaginal bleeding (greater then one sanitary napkin per hour)
• Fever
• Inability to urinate
• Severe or increasing abdominal pain
• Vomiting
• Shortness of breath