Hysteroscopy
Hysteroscopy is a form of minimally invasive surgery. The surgeon inserts a tiny telescope (hysteroscope) through the cervix into the uterus. The hysteroscope allows the surgeon to visualize the inside of the uterine cavity on a video monitor.
The uterine cavity is then inspected for any abnormality. The surgeon examines the shape of the uterus, the lining of the uterus and looks for any evidence of intrauterine pathology (fibroids or polyps). The surgeon also attempts to visualize the openings to the fallopian tubes (tubal ostia).
How is hysteroscopy performed?
After a general anesthesia is given (this procedure may also be performed in the office with local anesthesia but is usually limited to diagnosis only) the hysteroscope is inserted into the uterus using a salt solution (NACL) or a sugar solution (Sorbitol) to distend the uterus and obtain visualization of the uterine cavity. A local anesthetic block of the cervix is often performed first to provide some local anesthesia. After completing the inspection of the uterine cavity several different instruments may be inserted through the hysteroscope to help treat uterine fibroids, heavy menstrual bleeding and polyps.